Airborne Collision Avoidance System (ACAS) Manual, 3rd edition
In order to meet the demands for more operational flexibility with potential reduction of separations, a new type of ACAS, ACAS X, has been introduced. Implementation of ACAS X is expected to minimize nuisance alerts, while maintaining existing levels of safety. Additionally, ACAS X will be capable of accommodating reduced separation minima, operation of new aircraft types (i.e. RPA) and other new procedures.
The manual has been updated by the Surveillance Panel (SP) as a reference document to supplement ACAS X provisions which will be included in Annex 10 — Aeronautical Telecommunications, Volume IV — Surveillance and Collision Avoidance Systems. This new edition describes general technical guidance, operational differences between ACAS X and the existing ACAS II systems, and operational aspects including recommended training and considerations to intruders with very high vertical rates.
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